Aurelia Berger

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• Friedrich Schipper
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Hallo Aurelia, herzlich willkommen bei Wikiversity, im Rahmen der Lehrveranstaltung Welterbe, Kulturgüterschutz und Kommunikation (Sommeruniversität 2016).

Wenn du Fragen hast, welche den Umgang mit Wikimedia betrifft, dann kannst du Dich an die Tutoren, Karl Gruber und Heinz Egger wenden, ansonsten die beiden Lehrveranstaltungsleiter Friedrich Schipper und Kurt Luger (siehe Kummerkasten!).

--Heinz E. (Diskussion) 06:16, 7. Aug. 2016 (CEST)

Arbeitsseite

Hallo Aurelia, die Arbeitsseite für das von euch gewählte Team 1-Thema findest du hier. Ihr müsst noch Gegenleser finden, welche nicht (!!) von eurem Team == sind! --Heinz E. (Diskussion) 18:10, 13. Aug. 2016 (CEST)

Protocol 2016-8-8

1. Guided tour in Vienna

1365 university of Vienna founded Tours vary according to the knowledge of the audience. Glacis and the wall was 500 m wide-> creation of the Ringstrasse. Different syles were used. It took just 40 years to construct the entire Ringstrasse. 150years of Ringstrasse celebration was last year. Palais build by jewish family‘s (wealthy tradesmen) Herrenstraße: no Jewish family's / brick stone and limestone buildings In a tour the guide should make a distinction between facts and stories (explain the political situation/ posters) City hall -> neogothic, 300-400 rooms -> München is build after the example of Vienna Volksgarten is open since 200 years Memorial plates can be acquired for 300 euros on the plants Theseustempel -> is neoclassical Sissi statue is symbolizing the personality-> shy (made in 1900) Document of personal freedom for a woman! Sissi got it to get travel freedom. Franz Joseph changed his signature after he had signed Sissis document, he had more respect later on. 1960 Sissi movie -> nostalgia Museum: facts and stories 1600 rooms Belaria rampe balcony Museum history 9 month Vienniese congress

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2. Mozart house 3. 2nd guided tour 4.

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Protocol 2016-8-13

1.Guided tour in the city center of Salzburg with Mühlfellner (architect) and Jana Breuste (art historian)

We had visited different parts of Salzburg University, in the building at Rudolfskai there is a continuous connection between the old and new parts. Since the 1980s, there where discussions about building a University park outside the city. This park was built in Nonntal. There was a conflict between people who wanted to preserve the spaces of free nature outside Salzburg, others who wanted to build the University park. In former times police stations, offices and administrative buildings had been situated in the city center as well as a lot of shops. Most of these institutions were moved out of the city center in recent years. Another university building is situated in an old citizen house. These houses had a rectangular structure. In the front a shop was facing the street. The back part of the house was used for storage and the living space for the families. Later on the architecture of the house was changed so that the front and the back of the house reached the same height. A shop facing the back street was created. In the 20th century an architect adopted the building which has been in a poor state to its new purpose as a university building. The arcades had been partially closed with glass. A huge glass door was built in front of one of the walls. The door can be opened to connect the inside coffee shop with the outdoor coffer shop space. In the upper floors the Institute of Communication Science was situated before it has been moved to the Rusolfskai building where we find it today. An NGO of Prof. Luger, Comment. Jana Breuste takes about the Architect Jacob Jacuni? .He has built printing shop in the first floor of the building. It seems that his projects do not show enough respect to the historical buildings around which creates his projects. In the Hotel Stein he has created a staircase which is now under heritage protection (BDA). Nowadays architects do a lot to adapt his staircase to the modern building security laws which according to the art historian is in vain. His building projects have no such importance according to Breuner. Other visited sites were Papagenoplatz, Mönchsberg and the Feste and a Stupa as well as the restaurant Stadtalm.

2.Wikiversity

After lunch we returned to the seminary room in Salzburg University to get a short introduction of how to use Wikiversity. Our Gegenleser (lector) will be Maria.

Protocol: 2016 - 8 -11 ==

1. Guided tour in Salzburg

A tourist guide in Salzburg has to attend a two years education program to become a tourist guide and has to take a official license exam. Salzburg has been an important city for the trade of salt, gold and silver. We saw on our tour the Mirabel garden, the city center and the Salzach river, as well as the dome square. The Mirabel castle was built by the bishop Wolf Dietrich Von Reichenau. The pope accounted these bishops as legal holders of his power who regulated the city on his behalf. They were very wealthy and powerful from the 16th to the 18th century. In the 19th century river Salzach was regulated and new 19th century villas were built along side its edges.

2.Discussion with the Salzburg UNESCO delegate and city council members about a building project on Dr. Franz Rehrl Platz

Prof. Wagner, president of city council, Christoph Ferch, resident of the square (co author with Prof. Luger in a book on this subject) and Alexander Würfel, jurist, lawyer in building construction and city responsible for UNESCO in Salzburg are in favor of preserving the city center in its existing appearance to fulfill the UNESCO guidelines. Citizens want to be involved in the activities of preservation but in the post democratic society, people do no get enough information to participate in political decisions. They have created NGOs and have collected signatures against the building project. The citizens try to work in favor for the protection of their heritage. Citizens made letter with numerous signatures for stopping the modern building project but the voices of so many citizens was not enough to stop the project. This was followed by a lecture by Prof. Kurt Luger who gave an insight into the historic city of Salzburg, it's cultural significance and role of marketing strategies in increasing the tourism in the UNESCO city of Salzburg. He emphasized how the music festival still plays the same plays and similar topics which makes these festivals very attractive to the tourists. The invested money for the preservation of cultural heritage is one million (Altstadtförderungsfond). The well led cultural organizations of Salzburg managed to increase the output received from tourism each and every year. As an example, all museums together generate 93 million euros in Salzburg per year. The contribution of 'Sound of Music' adds much business to the Mozart city. The UNESCO cultural tourism brings communities closer and inculcates the feeling of humanity. Thus tourism and heritage are important aspects in growing human societies.

3.Deutscher Text

Hochhaus Franz Rehrl Platz Salzburg Salzburg hat ein Raumproblem. Es muss den Grünlandschutz wahren. Man kann nur noch vertikal erweitern.

3.1. Rehrl-Platz:

Nicht 5. zusammenhängende Baukörper sondern 3 einzelne werden im neuen Projekt gebaut. 4 Geschosse sind erlaubt, aber 5 werden wahrscheinlich gebaut. 21.000 Stimmen wurden gegen den Bau gesammelt. Das große Wahlkampf Thema in Salzburg war der Rehrl-Platz. Die UNESCO möchte vor Baubeginn informiert werden (wissenschaftliche Berichte werden Von der Donauuni Krems erstellt. Personalstand der UNESCO its zu klein um zu überwachen. Ab 2011 heritage impact assasment. Vergleiche mit Graz sind nicht möglich weil Salzburg ist als Ensemble geschützt. Die österreichische Verfassung gibt der Gemeinde die Möglichkeit, die Stadt mitzugestalten.

Zukunftsvisionen: Management Plan: Besucherzentrum Salzburg wird seit 4 Jahren diskutiert. Noch nicht gebaut. Awareness ist eine Bildungsfrage. In Ausbildung der Kinder muss Awareness vorkommen. Breite Basis ist gefragt. Es stimmt nicht, dass man trotz Schutz in Salzburg nichts mehr bauen kann. Architekten sollen Verantwortung übernehmen und kreativ sein.

Sound of Music, Festspiele & kulturindustrie Die Stadt ist der schlechteste Vermittler hin zu den Touristen sowie Einwohner.

Protocol 2016-8-10

1. The Schönbrunn zoo

Dr. Handl gave a tour through the zoo. It was founded in 1752 by the family of Habsburg-Lothringen. The baroque architecture of this zoo was the striking point to bring it on the UNESCO list. It is the worldwide oldest zoo which has been consistently in its function throughout history. Till 1918 it was in private possession of the royal family, then from 1921 to 1991 it belonged to the Austrian government and since 1991 it is managed by the Schönbrunn Tiergarten GmbH. At the moment there are 5700 animals in the zoo. Not all of them are shown to the public.

1.1. Marketing of Schönbrunn zoo

They have 2.2 Million visitors every year. Their advertising marketing includes city lights, posters, social media and cooperation’s with the Vienna tourism and Austria advertisement. Schönbrunn zoo coordinated with Samsung mobiles in a mutually profitable deal where Nonja, one of the ape, was given a Samsung phone and every picture she took of herself was publicized through her Facebook page. Within six weeks, this gained much attention by news channels and Nonja was almost a 'celebrity'. This helped Samsung to publicize its mobile fast and it brought the zoo many more visitors. The successful management of Schönbrunn zoo allows them to carry more than 12000 visitors a day.

2. The Schönbrunn castle

We had an audio guide tour through the show rooms. Some students proclaimed that the information given during the audio guide tour would not be sufficient to Austrian visitors. We thought it was enough for having an interesting visit and having an impression about the Austrian empire. According to one argument, the time allowed inside the Schönbrunn castle with a regular ticket is not enough. However, in consideration of the limit of number of visitors, that is 1000 people per hour, and the area of the castle, this is justified.

3. The Schönbrunn children museum

The children museum was founded 14 years ago and since 1994 they gave guided tours for children of the age of 6-10 years. The concept of the museum seems to match the expectations of the children very much as they were happily participating in various activities. This was an opportunity to see a portrait gallery of the children of the Habsburg family. The advertising management plan contains mailings to school classes, organizing children's birthdays in Schönbrunn and many more. The staff has trained itself to take children tours of the DAZ (German as second language) program so that required vocabulary and understanding could be communicated to them efficiently. The museum is now endeavoring to get funding to be able to implement this function. The rooms of the children museum were restored in the year 2000.

4. The lecture “successful management of cultural heritage” by Markus Wiesenhofer

In the show rooms of Schönbrunn castle 10000 visitors enter every day. To lower the volume in the rooms groups have to use audio systems. Tour guides receive a special security training. They get as well disaster management trainings and practice evacuations of the building. The Apothekertrakt was changed in to a modern conference center with 10 seminary rooms. It is used for conferences, marriges and events. A conference on the conservation of the East Asian Cabinets was held in December 2015. The University of Applied Arts is actively involved in the restoration of Schönbrunn castle. Till now 200 millions have been spent for the conservation of the historical buildings of the castle. In the castle there are the show rooms, 150 private flats as well as offices and workshops. The management plan centers around the goal of staying the leading company on the 'Imperial Austria' and 'Sissi Museum'.

Protokoll 2016-8-12

1. Visit in the Salzburg museum

1.1.Lecture Friedrich Urban

The guided tour in the museum gave us an idea about how heritage and tourism are managed in the Salzburg city. Friedrich Urban, Intendant of the 200 years Salzburg with Austria Jubilee is naming the 3 pillars of the organization of the Jubilee year. Firstly, it is very important that the city and the provinces are working together so that people in the villages feel connected to their city. As a second point, the cultural institutions and the museums should work in cooperation so they could organize more meaningful festivals together. Thirdly he tries to underline Salzburg’s development in society. He believes that the New Year concert in Salzburg gives its people a feeling of togetherness. He proposes that Salzburg could further improve its image as a city of music to maintain its cultural significance. During the jubilee year, the theater festival will show plays of Thomas Bernhard. There have been already 15 publications on this theme and in the jubilee year 5 more books have been released. One of them is called 'People of Salzburg'.

1.2.Landesausstellung 2016

• 1st floor: objects of the Salzburg Museum are on display. The exhibition was called "Erzähl Mir Salzburg" and shows fairy tales concerning Salzburg.

• Basement: objects taken on loan. Most of the objects are kept in climate controlled conditions and taking photos is not allowed due to copy right issues.

• In the room in the ground floor we can see the history of Salzburg. There are video installations showing 8 important places of Salzburg’s history, recorded over one year by different photographers. A timeline with events of Salzburg’s, as well as Austrians and world history is drawn on a circular bench.

2 Visit to the Servus TV station

2.1. Studio tour and discussion with Hannes Eichmann, Visit of the studio room (green box, use on rare occasion/different backgrounds) and the directors room. (6 working places) Servus TV is in cooperation with the red bull media house. It is possible to apply for a 18 month of trainee program in different areas (marketing, research, human resources). They offer as well an Internship program (20 interns per year) How does TV channels repeat cultural heritage to people? High culture -Ö1 Popular culture - Servus TV Mixing these two is the goal of modern radios Just 5% of people listening to radio in Europe are listening to culture radios. A very small part of the state budget is spent on culture radio. 150 radio and TV stations worldwide show the Salzburg theater festival. Heimatwerk in cooperation with Servus TV They prefere to do unprepared interviews/ no scripts and spontaneous movie shooting. As well they try to give a positiv picture of Austrian popular culture. An idea was, that the revival of tradions is a protest against the globalization.

2. Lecture of Markus Swittalek

• Brüssler Deklaration: first try to create a law for the protection of cultural heritage in times of war
• 1899 Haager Landeskriegsordnung: prohibition of the bombardment of cultural heritage
• WW 1st: destruction of cultural heritage
• Röhrich Pakt (Nikolas Röhrich) signed by US and Europe
• WW 2nd: destruction and despoliation of cultural heritage
• 1945 Haager Konvention: signed by 196 UNESCO countries
• 2nd protocol of the Haager Konvention: after 5 Bosnian wars a new document was signed for the protection of heritage

Kulturgüterschutz: term defining the protection of cultural heritage against the agents of deterioration (Light, dirt, extreme temperature, vandalism, theft, ignorance, loss) as well as against the destruction in conflicts

The important question is who takes interest in the protection of heritage? In times of asymmetrical warfare there are many different participants in a conflict. The main aim of Blue Shield is to communicate and raise the awareness for the protection of heritage. In ethnic or religious conflicts cultural heritage (libraries, art, buildings of religious use) sites are a main aims for destruction and bombardments.

Examples of destruction:

• Aleppo = UNESCO site, there are plans to rebuild it after the civil war.
• Monte Cassino was heritage site, monastery, destroyed in WW 2nd

acording to martial law a building may be destroyed if it is used for military purposes. So, it is very important to use visible signs for UNESCO sites which should not be destroyed in bombardments. The problem is that many heritage sites are situated on hills or clear visible positions which can be easily bombed.

The austrian army is training special forces for the protection of cultural heritages in warfare. These units are called Kulturgüterschutzoffiziere. They try to create awareness and survey the political development in neighbor countries to prepare measurements of preventiv conservations in the heritage sites.

ICOM and ICOMOS are refering to Blue Shield for the practical execution of protection measurements.

Terms:

• Zimic = the cooperation between the civil society and the army
• Triage = idea of saving the most important, even if some parts are to be destroyed (original medical term)

Important organisations at the moment:

• Blue Shield Beirut
• ICCROM Abu Dhabi

Italy trains special Carabinieri units/ US army has many archeological officers There is the hope that in 10 years many armies could have these "monument men".

Protokol 2016-8-7

1.Besuch Beethovenhaus:

Beethoven wurde in 1770 Bonn, Deutschland geboren. Sein Vater und Großvater waren Musiker. Sein Vater war Alkoholiker, seine Mutter verstarb früh. Er hatte 2 jüngere Brüder. Im alter von 17 Jahren hätte er nach Wien ziehen sollen um dort Schüler Mozarts zu werden. Aus unbekannten Gründen kam er dort nicht an. In seinem Leben traf er Zeitgenossen wie Mozart, Hayden, Salieri (der ihn förderte) und Goethe. Viele beschrieben ihn als sozial inkompetent, unhöflich und sonderlich. Schon wurde Beethoven zum Familienoberhaupt, da sein Vater auf Grund der Folgen des Alkoholismus, seine Mutter auf Grund ihres verfrühten Todes keine Verantwortung für seine jüngeren Geschwister übernehmen konnten. Später zog er nach Wien und nachdem kurz darauf Bonn von Napoleon erobert wurden, folgten ihm seine beiden Brüder einige Jahre später nach. Beethoven hatte viele berühmte Gönner, die ihm bei seiner Drohung, Wien zu verlassen Stipendien von bis zu 800 fl ausstellten. Er war einer der ersten freien Musiker des deutschsprachigen Raumes. Zeitgenössische Schriftdokumente belegen, dass sich Beethovens gehör im Laufe seines Lebens kontinuierlich verschlechterte. Er schrieb im Laufe seines Lebens circa 600 Musikstücke. Die letzten 5 Jahre seines Lebens war er vermutlich sogar schon taub. Sein Arzt empfahl ihm zur Genesung nach Heiligenstadt zu verziehen, wo damals Thermalquellen waren, die nach der Donauregulierung durch Franz Joseph versiegten. Diese Quellen befanden sich zwischen Heiligenstädter Park und Lycée Francais. In dem heutigen Beethoven Haus in Heiligenstadt machte ihn die Unfähigkeit zum Hören wie Komponieren depressiv und er hegte suizidale Gedanken, was in dazu bewegte sein „Heiligenstätter Testament“ zu verfassen. Dieses ist in dem Beethoven-Haus in Heiligenstadt ausgestellt.

1.1.Das Museum aus konservatorischer Sicht

Seit den 1070er Jahren waren in dem Heiligenstädter Beethovenhaus kaum Veränderungen durchgeführt. Eine Sanierung fand in den 90ern statt. Die Lux- und Lumenzahlen der Scheinwerfer entwickeln gerichtete Hitzeeinwirkung auf Bereiche der Wände. Die Schriftdokumente befinden sich in beweglichen Flügeln der Schaukästen. Dies schirmt sie zwar einerseits vor einer zu hohen Beleuchtungsdauer ab, andererseits kann es bei häufigen Bewegung zu mechanischen Schäden an den Objekten kommen. Es befanden sich durchnummerierte Bewegungs- und Rauchmelder in jedem Raum des Museums.

2.Wiki Loves Monuments

ist ein internationaler Fotowettbewerb. Das Ziel ist die fotografische Dokumentation des materiellen, geschützten, kulturellen Erbes. In Österreich hat Wiki Loves Monuments eine Kooperation mit dem BDA.

Protocol 2016-8-9

1.Vienna Museum

1.1 Development of city of Vienna, guided tour by Christina Strahner.

On the three floors of the Vienna Museum we could see three models of the town: one medieval (1440), one baroque and one of the 19th century (1888). In the medieval collection we could see original statues (St. Mageretner limestone) from the facades of St. Stephen and original glass windows (stained glass) from the St. Bartholomew chapel in St. Stephen’s. These were transferred in the collection by Friedrich von Schmidt after his renovation of St. Stephen in the 19th century. There we saw as well panel paintings that could have once been part of a polyptych in St. Stephen’s. In the medieval model of the city we saw that the entrance to the city in this times was the Swiss Gate of the Hofburg. On the model you can still see the synagogue. The river Wien was crossing the Karlsplatz in these times and a lot of other rivers were still running in the city center (Alserbach, Ottarkringer Bach). The Barbenberger King Leopold VI brought French craftsmen to Vienna. They build the Virgil chapel near St. Stephen in 1220. There are but very few remains of medieval architecture in Vienna. The bridge at Schwedenplatz was one of the very first to be build. Another medieval chapel was the Mary Magdalena's chapel. The building costs of the city walls were covered by the ransom received from the English kingdom for releasing their King. Richard Lionheart was kidnapped in Austria on his return from the crusades in Jerusalem. The next big changes were done in the 16th/17th century when the new city wall was build in defense from the Ottomans. There was a big wall (Bastie) around the city, the Glacis, a wide open space and around the suburbs there was the Linienwall of incredible length. In the19th century the inner city walls were deconstructed and the Ringstraße was build following the model of the big boulevards of cities like Paris. For the defense of the city they build 4 barracks (Franz Joseph Kaserne, Arsenal, Schmelz, Rossauer Kaserne). Throughout history a lot of bridges were made and destroyed, nevertheless Vienna today has the maximum number of bridges it ever had.

1.2 Visit to the Vienna Museum

The Vienna museum contains: paintings, clothing, sculptures, arms and amour, pottery, books, parts of St. Stephens cathedral, the furniture of Loos and Grillpartzer’s rooms and many more. The temporary exhibition speaks about the history of Vienna’s Prater.

1.3 Discussion of the city development and a new skyscraper in the third Viennese district.

In the area of the Hotel Intercontinental and the Eislaufverein there are plans for a new skyscraper. ICOMOS advised that the building of such a high skyscraper would destroy the free few on the city center. It could be that the building of the skyscraper could lead to the removal of the Viennese city center from the UNESCO heritage list. NGOs are fearing that the Viennese population would not be able to afford buying the flats in the skyscraper and that rich foreigners would buy these flats. The fears center about the idea that the Viennese people would be disconnected from the heart of their city. The original project of a 74 m high skyscraper was lowered to a 60 m high project in the last years. The Vizebaudirektor indicates that there is no maximum height mentioned in the contract Austria has signed with the UNESCO. This Vizebaudirektor says that Vienna has always changed throughout history and it should continue to do so. He hopes that the skyscraper is built soon.

2. Archeological center of Vienna

2.1 The raising of public awareness about the archeological sites in Vienna by the Archeological Center

The Archaeological Center was a part of the MA 7 cultural department. Nowadays, they still get money from there and works close together. They aim to spread information about archeological excavation and Viennese cultural heritage. There is a specific manager supervising the implementation of construction of each site. They are working in close collaboration with the Vienna Museum. When there is a construction site in Vienna, the archaeology center takes the chance to do excavation there. They already found objects from over 7000 years in the third district. The oldest objects they found were from Bronze Age, the youngest from the 19th century. The photographic documentation is always important. They are publishing three different journals. As well they organize an annual conference, “Cultural Heritage And New Technology” is the coming one, it would be on 16-18 11 2016. Archaeology inculcates a feeling of belonging with the city as it connects the present with the history. To increase interest in archaeology, they do a lot of outreach activities with schools by showing roman and medieval objects to the children.

2.2. The role of digitalization and databases in the communication of cultural heritage (Wolfgang Börner)

Any authentic site that has potential to convey cultural richness to the international community and can be conserved and made accessible to the public comes under the legal criteria to become a protected UNESCO site. On the webpage www.wien.at members of the Archaeological Centre have created a map of Viennese cultural heritage and archaeological excavation sites. This map is based on an original map from 1819. Historic as well as modern city map of Vienna, age of important buildings and the location of archeological findings could be seen in various layers over the digital copy. An elaborated talk on efficient use of the website was p

Urheberrechtsverletzung

Hallo Aurelia, dein Bild, dass du von https://www.pinterest.com/isabella161/sissi/ hierher kopiert hast, hat aber keine Freigabe, dass du es hier benutzen darfst. Da ich bei pinterest nicht angemeldet bin, kann ich nihct sagen unter welcher Lizenz, diese Fotos tatsächlcih freigegeben wurden. Kannst du das bitte klären, sonst muss das Foto wieder gelöscht werden. --lg K@rl (Diskussion) 10:56, 25. Okt. 2016 (CEST)

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